What Is Feline Cognitive Dysfunction Syndrome (CDS)?
Sometimes called "cat dementia" — brain function declines with age. The eight VISHDAAL categories are a screening tool for spotting it.
What CDS Is
Feline Cognitive Dysfunction Syndrome (CDS) is an age-related decline in brain function in older cats, often described as "cat dementia." It's most common in cats over 10, with prevalence rising with age — some studies estimate that more than half of cats over 15 show some degree of cognitive decline.
Telling It Apart from Normal Aging
A normally aging cat slows down and sleeps more, but core cognitive functions — recognizing family, remembering where the litter box is, keeping a normal routine — largely stay intact. CDS shows up as functional changes: yowling for no reason in the middle of the night, getting lost in a familiar home, forgetting where the litter box is, or seeming unfamiliar with family members. The eight VISHDAAL categories (Vocalization, Interaction, Sleep-wake cycle, House soiling, Disorientation, Anxiety, Activity, Learning & memory) are a screening tool designed to help owners spot that line — not a diagnosis.
Why Early Detection Matters
CDS can't currently be reversed, but diet (antioxidant formulas), environmental adjustments, and medication can slow its progression and improve quality of life. The earlier it's caught and addressed, the longer a cat can maintain a stable quality of life. Many owners mistake early signs for "just getting old" and delay stepping in.
What to Do If You Notice Signs
If VISHDAAL signs are showing up often, first rule out other conditions that can cause similar symptoms — hyperthyroidism, high blood pressure, kidney disease, and joint pain can all present as similar behavioral changes. This requires a vet exam; behavioral signs alone aren't enough to self-diagnose CDS. Once other causes are ruled out, talk with your vet about diet, environment, and medication options.
Want to track this over time? Try Sagelo
A senior cat cognitive decline journal — log how often these signs appear and track trends over time.
Coming soon — app in the works
Sources:
- International Cat Care – Cognitive dysfunction syndrome (senility, dementia) in cats
- International Cat Care – Special considerations for senior cats
This site is for general reference only and is not a substitute for veterinary diagnosis. If your cat shows unusual signs, please see a vet promptly.